No one is quite sure where the ancestors of the Maori came from or why they migrated to New Zealand. All that is known about them is that they are of Eastern Polynesian origin. The Maori culture is a unique and fascinating culture to examine as it has no written language, rather many traditions and customs are passed down from generation to generation via dance and music, as well as through geographical features like rivers and mountains, which indicate the genealogy of a person.

A distinct culture, Maori traditions and mores have only recently come into the international spotlight with New Zealand becoming a popular tourist destination and the increasing popularity of rugby worldwide. The haka which is preformed by the New Zealand All Blacks rugby team is a Maori tribal war dance which holds high social importance. Today, used by the rugby team as a ‘war cry’ before a match, hakas are also preformed for welcoming visitors and is an expression of the Maori identity, vitality, passion and strength.

In Maori culture and society, the tribe is of great significance. To date, Maoris often refer to themselves by their tribal or iwi names. Based on a system of hierarchy, in Maori tribes the leadership is hereditary and is nearly always male. Spirituality also plays an important part in Maori culture, with many gods and goddesses to worship. To the Maori, the land known as Whenua is a central part of their lives as well.

A marae is the spiritual/religious house and ceremonial center of the Maori people. Used for celebrations, funerals, meetings, reunions, welcoming parties, christenings, weddings and tribal reunions, a marae is also where older authority figures would impart their knowledge to young members of a tribe such as stories, songs, music, legends and art work. If you are visiting a marae, please keep in mind that is a place of respect and reverence. Remove your shoes before entering and if you receive any food or drink, it is customary to give a donation or koha for the upkeep of the marae. Carvings and tattoos are also important parts of Maori culture.

Pakeha Culture

Pakeha is a Maori word which is used to describe anyone who is non Maori or a New Zealander of British or Eiropean decent. Initially given to the British who chose to settle in New Zealand, today the word pakeha is used in a more broader sense to include all non Maoris as well. Kiwiana is a good example of Pakeha culture.